What is an Electronic Cigarette?
An electronic cigarette, commonly known as an e-cigarette or vape, is a battery-powered device that heats a liquid (e-liquid) to produce an aerosol inhaled by users. E-liquids typically contain nicotine, flavorings, and other chemicals like propylene glycol or vegetable glycerin.
Harmful Effects of Electronic Cigarettes
Evidence indicates that e-cigarettes can cause significant health harms, contrary to perceptions of safety.
- Nicotine addiction: High nicotine levels in e-liquids can lead to dependence, particularly among youth and non-smokers.
- Respiratory problems: Inhalation of toxic aerosols may cause lung inflammation, exacerbating conditions like asthma, and has been linked to severe cases such as EVALI.
- Cardiovascular risks: Nicotine can raise blood pressure and heart rate, potentially increasing the risk of heart disease.
- Exposure to toxins: Vapor can include harmful chemicals such as formaldehyde, acrolein, and heavy metals like lead, which may promote cancer development.
Long-term risks remain under investigation, with studies suggesting potential developmental effects in adolescents.
Comparison to Traditional Smoking
While e-cigarettes may expose users to fewer toxicants than combustible tobacco, they are not harmless and can serve as a gateway to smoking. Research shows dual use with traditional cigarettes amplifies health risks.
Recommendations
Avoid use for non-smokers, youth, and pregnant individuals. Smokers seeking to quit should consult healthcare providers for evidence-based alternatives like nicotine replacement therapies.
